Implementation of Public Order Policies in the Handling of Homeless People in the City of Cirebon

Leni Rohida; Tia  Nuraeni

doi:10.59888/ajosh.v4i6.693

Authors

Leni Rohida Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati
Tia Nuraeni Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v4i6.693

Keywords:

Policy implementation, public order, vagrancy, public administration, social services

Abstract

The number of homeless people in public spaces in Cirebon City indicates that the implementation of Local Regulation No. 13 of 2019 on Public Order has not been effective. The purpose of this study is to examine how the policy on handling vagrants in Cirebon City is implemented from the perspective of George C. Edward III's implementation theory, which includes communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews with the Public Order Agency (Satpol PP), the Social Services Agency, and the target group of the vagrancy policy. Additionally, field observations and documentation were conducted. The results of the study reveal that although coordination between implementing agencies has been carried out, it has not achieved all of its objectives. The main factors hindering policy implementation include limited resources, a lack of supporting facilities such as shelters, and poor vertical communication with the target group. Despite the good commitment of the implementers, the homeless population still does not fully experience the impact of the policy. The research findings suggest that while the policy has been implemented, its execution has not been optimal in some areas, and strengthening is required in the elements of resources, operational mechanisms, and social empowerment services. This research also contributes to public administration studies on the implementation of social policies at the local level and recommends improving policy integration and the provision of supporting facilities.

References

Afandiyeva, U., & Aliyeva, U. (2025). Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups. Social Work & Social Research, 22.

Baah, F. O., Teitelman, A. M., & Riegel, B. (2019). Marginalization: Conceptualizing patient vulnerabilities in the framework of social determinants of health—An integrative review. Nursing Inquiry, 26(1), e12268.

Jumroh, & Pratama Jusri, Y. M. (2021). Implementasi Pelayanan Publik (S. Insani Jamalul, Ed.). CV Insan Cendekia Mandiri. www.insancendekiamandiri.co.id

Kamila Khaerunnisa, S., & Rokilah. (2024). Implementasi penanganan gelandangan dan pengemis terhadap ketertiban umum di Kota Serang (Ditinjau dari Peraturan Daerah Kota Serang Nomor 2 Tahun 2010). Jurnal Pendidikan, Kewarganegaraan, Hukum, Sosial dan Politik, 7(2). http://ejournal.lppm-unbaja.ac.id/index.php/propatria

Lindawati, A., & Rahman, A. (2023). Implementasi kebijakan ketertiban umum dan ketentraman masyarakat pada gelandangan dan pengemis di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara, 1(3), 219–231. https://doi.org/10.55606/eksekusi.v1i3.524

Mahendra, R., Bharoto, H., & Nursahidin, N. (2020). Beggars, Homeless, and Displaced People: Psycho-Social Phenomena and the Implementation of Local Government Policy. http://www.newhabari.com/mtanzania_habari.php

Meirina, S. D. (2024). Kebijakan Publik: Sebuah Model Kebijakan dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Gelandangan dan Pengemis. Press.

Nugroho, A., Amir, H., Maududy, I., & Marlina, I. (2021). Poverty eradication programs in Indonesia: Progress, challenges and reforms. Journal of Policy Modeling, 43(6), 1204–1224.

Paliama, C., & Karniawati, A. N. (2023). Penanggulangan gelandangan dan pengemis sebagai tolak ukur kesejahteraan sosial di Kota Bandung.

Pramuka, B., Adawiyah, W. R., & Ahmad, A. (2025). Disrupting the Poverty Trap: Political Budget Cycles and the Interlocking Movement in Decentralized Indonesia.

Pramusinto, A., & Quah, J. S. (2016). Weak central authority and fragmented bureaucracy: A study of policy implementation in Indonesia. The Role of the Public Bureaucracy in Policy Implementation in Five ASEAN Countries, 9, 98.

Schutt, R. K., & Garrett, G. R. (2013). Responding to the homeless: Policy and practice. Springer Science & Business Media.

Speer, J. (2012). Participatory governance reform: A good strategy for increasing government responsiveness and improving public services? World Development, 40(12), 2379–2398.

Stuart, F. (2014). From ‘rabble management’ to ‘recovery management’: Policing homelessness in marginal urban space. Urban Studies, 51(9), 1909–1925.

Walker, B., Cuevas-Parra, P., & Phiri Mpepo, B. (2019). From injustice to justice: Participation of marginalised children in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Journal of Global Ethics, 15(3), 382–403.

Wardani, L. D., & Kurniawan, M. J. (2025). Juridical review of the role of the Civil Service Police Unit of Yogyakarta City in enforcing the Yogyakarta City Regional Regulation on waste management. Fortiori Law Journal, 5(01), 151–168.

Wiranata, I. P. G. A., Widnyani, I. A. P. S., & Wirata, G. (2025). Implementation of the policy on the enforcement of regional regulations and regional head regulations by the Civil Service Police Unit of Bali Province. Jurnal Dialektika: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 23(2), 999–1011.

World Bank. (2025). Bank Dunia Memperbarui Garis Kemiskinan Global: Indonesia. World Bank.